Re-imagining Aerial Digital Archaeology in Cambodia: An Implication from Actor-Network Theory

Abstract

In this article, the complex relationship between archaeology and colonialism in Cambodia is examined, focussing on Angkor Wat. It will examine knowledge production, power dynamics in archaeology, and local narrative marginalisation in interpretation. It claims that traditional views of archaeology as preserving history are unidirectional and ignore sociopolitical and ethical issues. Modern archaeology uses archaeometry for precise analyses. Western nations often dominate knowledge production in this field, reinforcing their colonial legacies and unequal power structures. This power dynamic is examined through actor-network theory, focussing on technology, institutions, and local actors. The article will focus on aerial digital technology. In Actor-Network Theory, all entities, human and non-human (technology, institutions), are "actants". Foreign scholars and institutions dominated Cambodian academia, excluding local perspectives. Because revolutionary technologies like lidar are often controlled by foreign institutions, power imbalances persist, the article recommends a detailed paragraph or Cambodian-led and co-led lidar initiatives. Empowering Cambodian scholars and communities would balance the network. Cambodian-led research and collaboration with foreign scholars are needed. Co-creating projects, incorporating local knowledge, and data transparency are Actor-Network Theory recommendations. Cambodians should critically evaluate Lidar technology and collect and interpret data. Participation promotes local ownership, ethics, and accurate history. A more equitable Angkorian archaeology network is essential. Actor-Network Theory and collaboration can help us understand Angkor's past, empower Cambodians, and create a more inclusive narrative.